A recent article in the New York Times, by Julia Jacobs and Zachary Small, explains how leading museums are removing Native American displays due to new federal rules. It seems we are at the beginning of a long overdue reassessment of the ethics behind displaying cultural artifacts. The Level Studio Architecture team thought it was important to weigh in on this to discuss the importance of cultural respect, Indigenous rights, representation and inclusion, educational value, ethical responsibility, and evolving legal compliance issues.

Recently, museums across the United States are undergoing significant shifts in response to updated federal regulations governing the display and research of Native American cultural items. Among these changes, the closure of major halls and the covering of display cases at institutions like the American Museum of Natural History signal a new era of cultural sensitivity and collaboration with Indigenous communities. While these changes are long overdue, it prompts a crucial conversation about how museums can repurpose them thoughtfully and engage with Native American communities to ensure cultural respect and collaboration.

The decision to close halls dedicated to Native American objects at the American Museum of Natural History underscores a fundamental recognition: past practices in museums did not always honor the values, perspectives, and humanity of Indigenous peoples. Now, as museums navigate the implementation of new regulations requiring tribal consent for the display and research of cultural items, they are faced with the challenge of repurposing these spaces in a manner that respects Indigenous cultures while still fulfilling their institution’s educational missions.

One approach to repurposing these shuttered spaces is to engage directly with Native American communities. Rather than viewing closure as a loss, museums can see it as an opportunity to foster meaningful collaborations. By inviting input from tribal representatives, museums can explore alternative uses for these spaces that promote Indigenous voices and perspectives. This could include hosting community events, showcasing contemporary Native American art and culture, or providing platforms for Indigenous storytelling and oral traditions.

Moreover, museums must prioritize ongoing dialogue and consultation with Native American communities about the items on display. The new federal regulations emphasize the importance of obtaining consent and deferring to Indigenous knowledge when determining the rightful ownership and treatment of cultural items. Museums can demonstrate their commitment to this principle by actively engaging with tribes in the curation, interpretation, and repatriation processes.

Repurposing shuttered museum spaces and engaging with Native American communities go hand in hand with the broader goal of decolonizing museum practices. It requires a willingness to confront the colonial legacies of collection practices and to center Indigenous perspectives in museum narratives. By actively involving Indigenous communities in decision-making processes, museums can move towards more equitable and respectful relationships with the cultures they represent.

On two recent museum visits, one to the Brooklyn Museum and another to the Davis Museum at Wellesley College, it was interesting to see two similar approaches to contextualize their display of Native American artifacts. Both these museums coupled the cultural artifacts in their collections with 19th Century American landscape paintings explaining how these paintings served as a form of propaganda promoting westward expansion and the policy of manifest destiny which led to the inhumane forced removal of indigenous people from their native lands. The Level Studio team would love to hear your thoughts on this pairing and if you think this goes far enough?  

In the case of the American Museum of Natural History, the closure of museum halls dedicated to Native American objects presents an opportunity for reflection, collaboration, and transformation within the museum sector. Repurposing these spaces and engaging with Native American communities are essential steps towards fostering cultural respect, equity, and collaboration. As museums navigate this period of transition, they have a unique opportunity to redefine their roles as stewards of cultural heritage and partners in Indigenous sovereignty and self-determination.

There are several resources available for museums seeking to connect with Native American tribes on topics related to repatriation, cultural collaboration, and engagement. Some of these resources include:

National NAGPRA Program: The National NAGPRA Program, part of the National Park Service, provides guidance and resources for museums, federal agencies, and Native American tribes on the implementation of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). Their website offers information on NAGPRA regulations, training opportunities, and contact information for tribal representatives.

Tribal Historic Preservation Offices (THPOs): Many Native American tribes have Tribal Historic Preservation Offices responsible for managing cultural heritage and historic preservation efforts within their communities. These offices can serve as valuable points of contact for museums and individuals seeking to engage with tribes on cultural matters.

Indigenous Organizations: There are numerous Indigenous organizations and advocacy groups that work to support Native American communities and promote Indigenous rights and cultural preservation. These organizations often provide resources, educational materials, and networking opportunities for museums and individuals interested in collaborating with tribes.

Conferences and Workshops: Attending conferences, workshops, and symposiums focused on Indigenous issues, museum practices, and cultural heritage can provide valuable opportunities to learn from and connect with Native American leaders, scholars, and community members.

Consultation and Collaboration: Building relationships with local Native American communities through consultation and collaboration is essential for fostering mutual trust and understanding. Museums can initiate dialogue with tribes by reaching out directly to tribal leaders, attending community events, and participating in cultural exchange initiatives.

Professional Associations: Professional associations such as the American Alliance of Museums (AAM) and the Society for American Archaeology (SAA) often offer resources, best practices, and networking opportunities for museums and professionals engaged in repatriation and cultural collaboration efforts.

By utilizing these resources and actively engaging with Native American tribes in a respectful and collaborative manner, museums and individuals can work towards building meaningful partnerships and promoting cultural understanding and equity within the museum sector.